
With
three bullets to the heart, the State of Utah executed Joe Hill
on November 19, 1915. In one of the most disputed cases
to date, Joe Hill, the most prolific songwriter in the history
of the Industrial Workers of the World,
was convicted of murdering John Morrison,
owner of Morrison Grocery, and his son Arling
on the night of January 10, 1914 in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Margareta Katarina Haaglund gave birth to the legendary Joel
Haaglund in Gavle, Sweden on October 7, 1879. His father, Olaf
Haaglund, supported nine children, six of whom lived to maturity,
by working as a conductor on the Gavle-Dala Railroad. The Haaglunds
were a devoutly religious family who did not discuss politics.
Margareta and Olaf led the family in songs and taught each child
to play the family organ, which Olaf built. Joe Hill, born Joel
Haaglund, also learned to play the violin, guitar, accordion,
and piano, as his love for music developed.
In 1902, after the death of his parents, Joe and his brother
Paul immigrated to America where they expected to "scrape gold
off the ground." After working various jobs in New York City,
Joe moved to Chicago and found work in a machine shop. Shortly
thereafter, he was fired from his job and blacklisted for attempting
to organize the workers. As a result, Joel Haaglund changed his
name to Joe Hill. He traveled extensively around the country before
joining the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) in San Pedro,
California in 1910.
Joe quickly became immersed in the IWW and devoted his life to
the "awakening of 'illiterates' and 'scum' to an original, personal
conception of society and the realization of the dignity and rights
of their part in it." He wrote songs like "The Preacher and the
Slave" and "Casey Jones - the Union Scab" to inspire solidarity
in the ranks of the IWW and to recruit new members. He encouraged
a "conscientious withdrawal of efficiency," which was not a call
for violence, but rather a sprinkle of sand in the workings of
machinery, and, more specifically, the efforts of non-union friendly
employers.
In 1914, on his way from California to Chicago, Hill stopped
to earn some money in the Utah mines. There he encountered three
friends who he had met while working in San Pedro: Otto Applequist
and the Eselius Brothers. Edward and John Eselius allowed Joe
to live at their house as a guest. Otto Applequist was one of
Joe's closest friends and may have been involved in the alleged
murder of the Morrison's. Joe Hill was eventually convicted of
murdering John and Arling Morrison, and took his last breath in
Utah before the firing squad. His trip to Chicago was eventually
completed - in a casket.